Core Paper XI REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF ANGIOSPERMS Unit-I (i) Introduction: History and scope. (ii) Anther: Anther wall: Structure and functions, micro-sporogenesis, callose deposition and its significance. (iii)Pollen biology: Micro-gametogenesis; Pollen wall structure, MGU (male germ unit) structure, NPC system; Palynology and scope (a brief account); Pollen wall proteins; Pollen viability, storage and germination; Abnormal features: Pseudomonads, polyads, massulae, pollinia. Unit-II Ovule: Structure; Types; Special structures–endothelium, obturator, aril, caruncle and hypostase; Female gametophyte– mega-sporogenesis and mega-gametogenesis; Types and ultra structure of mature embryo sac (Details of Polygonum type). Unit-III (i) Pollination and fertilization: Pollination types and significance; adaptations; structure of stigma and style; path of pollen tube in pistil; double fertilization. (ii) Self incompatibility: Basic concepts; Methods to overcome self- incompatibility: mixed pollination, bud pollination, stub pollination; Intraovarian and in vitro pollination; Modification of stigma surface. Unit-IV (i) Endosperm: development, structure and functions (ii) Embryo: Types of embryogeny; General pattern of development of dicot and monocot embryo; Suspensor: structure and functions; Embryo- endosperm relationship; Nutrition of embryo; Embryo development in Paeonia. (iii)Seed: Structure, importance and dispersal mechanisms (iv) Polyembryony and apomixes: Introduction; Classification; Causes and applications.